2007年10月28日星期日

The true story about Steve Nash

Not to Get Too Mystical About It

Finlay MacKay for The New York Times

THE SUBVERSIVE Steve Nash, looking for meaning at fast-break speed.

Published: October 28, 2007

Steve Nash sat down on a playground bench in Washington Market park, like all the other tired Manhattan fathers.

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Finlay MacKay for The New York Times

The Man with the Ball Steve Nash, aka the Canadian Jesus.

Finlay MacKay for The New York Times

Steve Nash believes in flow and "giving back" and recycled shoelaces and the mind-opening opportunities of the global village.

Finlay MacKay for The New York Times

IT ISN’T EASY BEING SPECIAL Nash the person and Nash the persona often are at odds. ‘‘There are nights,’’ he says, ‘‘when I ask myself, ‘Am I really playing basketball?’ ’’

Howard C. Smith/Corbis

Indulging his first sports love in New York.

China Photos/Getty Images

BUSY, BUSY, BUSY In China with Yao Ming in September.

It was a summer evening, late in August, and somewhere in the scrum of kids roiling under the monkey bars was one of his 3-year-old twin girls, Lola, and her nanny. A rubber ball came bounding by with a pre-K hotshot in hot pursuit. He seemed like the sort of kid who in a few years would be shooting baskets behind a school, pretending he was Steve Nash. Nash from the corner!

Nash driving the lane! Nash in the media room talking to a reporter!

At the sight of the kid, the wariness melted out of Nash’s blue eyes. It was easy to imagine the N.B.A. star himself at that age, before he had his paper route, before the local newspaper clips began to trickle in, and the trophies, and the fans, and the Sports Illustrated covers, and the instructional DVDs, and the $11-million-a-year contract and now the 11 seasons as a pro in which he has enjoyed every success but a championship, his one remaining goal as a professional athlete. The hint of sweetness that crossed his stoic face said he knew how joyful and profound the rapport of a boy and a ball could be. Nearly all the canonical stories of Nash’s ascent to the pantheon of N.B.A. point guards feature some kind of ball, whether it is the round mound of wadded-up tape he and his younger brother Martin used to play hall-hockey with, or the basketball he took out to shoot on Christmas Eve in the rain at the junior-high-school court behind his parents’ house in Victoria, British Columbia, or the tennis ball he once dribbled around Santa Clara University on his way to class, or the soccer ball he once kept aloft for 600 consecutive kicks until he collapsed. A ball had been the talisman of what he called “my dream.”

Then again, maybe what the ball-crazed kid provoked had as much to do with the fact that Nash often found himself in the position of pretending to be Steve Nash, too: “Steve Nash” the brand pushing the ball up court on the Wheaties box or hawking watches and sneakers and bottles of Clearly Canadian water; “Steve Nash” the white, non-dunking, four-time all-star whose back-to-back Most Valuable Player Awards won him the unwanted role of minority-race champion in a predominantly black league; “Steve Nash” the self-effacing Canadian long shot whose life story had been puréed into an edifying fable about Chasing Your Dreams and Working Hard and Always Giving Back, and in some parts of his home country had been polished to such a saintly sheen that people called him Can-Je, short for “Canadian Jesus.” Nash himself sometimes seemed flustered by this double team of person and persona, struggling to reconcile his sardonic sense of humor and lethal competitive instincts with the humanitarian concerns that obliged him to ladle out all kinds of canned corn at charity events and celebrity appearances. What can you say without playing yourself false, or leaving your body completely, when zoo officials who have paid you the compliment of naming a 12-pound female Bengal tiger cub in your honor put the razor-clawed kitty-cat in your arms and stick a microphone in your face? (Shrewdly, Nash channeled Tiger Woods: “It’s pretty special.”) Or for that matter, what about the play-killing questions routinely lobbed by sportswriters after the game?

“It’s always the same three questions,” Nash said. “ ‘What do you think about the game tonight?’ ‘How do you feel about the game tomorrow night?’ ‘What do you think you’ll have to do differently next time?’ I started off trying to answer honestly, and then I tried being ironic, but that didn’t really work either. . . . ”

In the park, a stranger approached, hand extended.

“Steve Nash!” the man said.

“Hey, man,” Nash said, shaking his hand after a quick assessment.

“I love your game.”

“Thanks.”

Nash’s game had been on the shelf for three months, since the Phoenix Suns were muscled out of the second round of the Western Conference playoffs by the San Antonio Spurs, who went on to win the N.B.A. championship against the overmatched Cleveland Cavaliers. It was a bitter end for the Suns’ championship hopes, and for Nash especially. A Game 1 collision with Spurs guard Tony Parker had split his nose so badly that Nash had to leave the court at a crucial moment in the fourth quarter. It took six stitches to close the bloody gash. In Game 4 the Spurs forward Robert Horry forechecked him into the scorer’s table, and the ensuing melee cost the Suns their big men when Amare Stoudemire and Boris Diaw were suspended one game each for leaving the bench. Losing the series 4-2 was a defeat that would “forever haunt us,” Nash said at the time. In the months since, he’d consoled himself with the distractions of New York, the adopted off-season city where he has spent the last three summers with his wife, Alejandra, and their twins, Lola and Bella.

“I’ve had a great summer,” he was saying now as he stretched out on the bench. He was wearing cargo shorts, a gray T-shirt and laceless black Converse sneakers. “I watched Tiger Woods and Roger Federer. I went to movies and restaurants. I had great conversations.”

He stayed in shape mainly by working out with a trainer and playing soccer at Pier 40 off the Hudson River with a team sponsored by Phebe’s Tavern & Grill in the East Village. When he took up basketball in the eighth grade it was for “social reasons,” a means of hanging out with his friends. Being able to use his hands felt almost like cheating, because the sport he loved best was soccer. “ ‘Goal’ was my first word,” he told me, a vintage Nash brand detail found in nearly every profile of him. Nash’s English father, John, played soccer professionally in South Africa, where Nash was born; his Welsh mother, Jean, had various careers as an airline ticket agent, secretary and special-education teacher. Sickened by apartheid, they emigrated to Canada when Steve was one, eventually settling in Victoria.

“We had one little TV you had to turn on with tweezers, and even on Christmas Day we would watch the N.B.A.,” recalled Joann Nash, who was born after Steve and Martin. “When I was eight, I could recite the audio commentary on the Michael Jordan highlight video. It was burned into my mind.” Joann, who recently married Manny Malhotra, a center for the Columbus Blue Jackets of the National Hockey League, had been captain of the University of Victoria soccer team. Martin still earns his living as a midfielder for the Vancouver Whitecaps, a first-division team in the United Soccer League. In the family, the source of the kids’ competitive fervor is not ascribed to their pro-athlete dad but to Mom, who can be counted on to dig deep for victory whether the game is tennis, Pictionary or simply beating other shoppers to the only open checkout lane at the grocery store.

“Steve makes a mockery of Pictionary,” Joann said with a forlorn note in her voice. “He won’t take it seriously.”

Nash’s soul-salving summer had already included a trip to Thailand, and some time back home in July, where he opened a sports club and hosted a charity basketball game in Vancouver. He had spent three days in New Jersey tutoring college and high-school point guards at a camp organized by Nike. He also produced a video for Nike, with a crew shooting him as he legged around Manhattan on his skateboard. He sat for an interview with Charlie Rose, confiding in his self-deprecating way that there were other N.B.A. point guards who “are more talented than me physically. . . . I say to myself, ‘How do I have the same job as this guy?’ ”

At 33, Nash has defied the actuarial trends of point-guard mortality. He has gotten steadily better with age and insists he is now not just smarter but quicker than when the Phoenix Suns, amid a crescendo of boos, made him the 15th pick in the first round of the 1996 N.B.A. draft. The statistical evidence bears him out. Last season Nash put up his finest numbers, better than some of those he posted in his two

M.V.P. years. He may not have the obvious physical gifts of some point guards, explosiveness or vertical leap, but his repertoire of inventive shots and ballhandling skills, his break-neck transitions and barn-swallow zigzagging through the tall timber of big men in the paint bespeaks exceptional body control. “His core strength is off the charts,” the Phoenix Suns’ coach, Mike D’Antoni, told me. “Steve’s balance is so good he can stand on an exercise ball.”

I’d been struck by Nash’s poise, the mental counterpart of his physical balance. Talking to Charlie Rose, the word Nash had picked to describe his ideal state of mind on court was “unflappable.” Had he always been able to cast a cool eye at pressure?

“My first and second years in the N.B.A., I used to get really nervous in a tight game,” he said. “But now I wait for that moment when things are really close — that’s what I really love. Having the ball in my hands and the responsibility makes me feel calm and open. Not to have that, not to get to that point in a game, would feel really. . . .” He paused to find the precise word. “ . . . Really confining,” he said.

“Was there one shot or game when you first felt that way?”

“Probably it built over time — I don’t want it to sound like there’s anything too mystical about it.”

In a few days he was flying to England to visit relatives and meet with the officers of the Tottenham Hotspurs to discuss business opportunities with the soccer club. “I’d like to be an owner,” he says. “It’s something I could do for the rest of my life after my little window of popularity dies.” In September he was leading a group of N.B.A. players to China for a series of charity events.

We had been talking in the park for almost an hour now, and I was beginning to appreciate the elusive quality that the author Jack McCallum, who spent a year with the Phoenix Suns for his book “:07 Seconds or Less,” described as Nash’s “mysterious Canadian reticence.” Even though Nash is one of the more introspective and intelligent athletes in the N.B.A. — a player who got a lot of criticism for speaking out against the war in Iraq in 2003, and had the sportswriter fraternity in a dither because his winter reading list included bodice-rippers like “The Communist Manifesto” and Solzhenitsyn’s “One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich” — it didn’t seem that what made him interesting was coming out in conversation. Part of the reason may have been that what made Nash exceptional was his temperamental inclination to downplay what made him exceptional. In interviews he often conveys a mix of humility and politic self-restraint.

As Nash began to fidget on the bench — maybe his back was tightening up, or he was thinking about Lola’s supper, or he was just tired of answering questions and the full-court press of chores entailed in being “Steve Nash” — I remembered something his agent, Bill Duffy, had told me: “With Steve it’s all about the flow.” Flow, of course, being shorthand for that state of mind that artists and athletes strive to enter into, and which in full flood entails an ecstatic expansion of consciousness that releases them from confines of the self and produces crowning moments of creation and performance — not to get too mystical about it. Maybe the truest picture of Nash depended on seeing him in motion, in the flow; whether he was threading a half-court bounce pass or exploiting his small window of fame to get potable water to third world villages or practicing surreptitious acts of generosity, like slipping spending money to the coaches to give to his less wealthy basketball teammates at the 2000 Olympics in Sydney. Enacting himself, as it were, as opposed to talking about himself.

Three-Point Land and Beyond

“Hey, rooks,” Nash shouted from the back of the bus idling in the garage of the Regent Beijing hotel. “What time does the 9:30 bus leave?”

It was a trick question, of course, but the “rooks” — D. J. Strawberry Jr. and Alando Tucker, both new members of the Phoenix Suns — froze.

“They told us to go back and get our umbrellas,” said Strawberry, a shooting guard and the son of the former New York Mets star outfielder Darryl Strawberry.

“Let’s go!” Nash hollered to no one in particular. Apparently more stragglers were still fetching umbrellas. It was nearly 10 a.m., a rainy Thursday in mid-September, though in truth you couldn’t be sure what time it was from the coal-and-car-fume miasma obscuring China’s capital.

Among the two dozen or so passengers on the bus — agents, trainers, friends, a reality-show film crew — were eight N.B.A. players: the rooks Strawberry and Tucker; the 20-year-old Detroit Pistons forward Amir Johnson; Paul Davis, a 23-year-old center with the L.A. Clippers; Chuck Hayes, a 24-year-old forward with the Houston Rockets; and the established stars like the Suns’ Leandro Barbosa (the “Brazilian Blur,” who last year won the N.B.A.’s Sixth Man Award); Carmelo Anthony, the outstanding forward for the Denver Nuggets who was one of the top scorers in the league last year; and Baron Davis, the street-Shakespeare point guard who led the Golden State Warriors on an improbable run that was the dramatic highlight of the N.B.A. playoffs last spring.

And of course Nash, riding a flow unlike any he’d ever caught on the basketball court, as much a celebrity as an athlete now, his Q-score jacked up by photos with Sharon Stone and Donald Trump and the M.V.P. shout-out in the lyrics of Nelly Furtado’s hit “Promiscuous” and the GQ “baller of the year” spread featuring an epicene Nash with overly sculpted hair. The fame that had recently produced the tribute of his face stenciled into an Arizona cornfield had also given him the power to “make a difference.” Befitting a point guard, he seemed to be feeling his way through celebrity, into that seam between his identity in a profession that had defined his existence since the eighth grade, when he prophetically informed his mother that one day he would play in the N.B.A., and whatever he might become or do next, out of uniform, away from the confines of the court and the quest for championships.

As the impresario who put the whole China show together, with crucial behind-the-scenes help from Bill Duffy and a team of people from his company, BDA Sports Management, Nash had suspended his mysterious Canadian reticence in hopes of improving the flow of a sightseeing trip to the Forbidden City. Nash broached the idea of the Beijing tour with Yao Ming after a game with the Rockets in Phoenix last March. Yao was thrilled by the prospect of Nash and a pick-up crew of players coming to China to help raise money for charity. Bing Hu, the Chinese founder of a high-end architecture development company in Scottsdale, Ariz., had offered to fly the cast to China on his Falcon 900 jet. Eventually an agenda was set, calling for a four-day barnstorm of press conferences, practices, luncheons, a charity auction and black-tie banquet, sightseeing, photo ops, random cultural encounters and unofficial karaoke pub crawls, along with a televised charity hoops match that would pit Western Hemisphere pros (the Nashionals?) against Yao and the Chinese National team, and would, as it turned out, draw a Chinese TV audience more than three times the size of the horde agglomerated by the Super Bowl.

The Nashionals had landed in China the night before, Sept. 12, and had come shuffling in glassy-eyed from the airport, luggage in tow, to a surreal press conference at the Regent Beijing. Backed by a drop cloth splattered with corporate logos, they sat Last Supper-style along a table onstage, peering out at a bank of eight TV cameras and some 60 Chinese journalists. An earsplitting remix of Queen’s “We Will Rock You” pumped through speakers.

“I just want to say that we’re here to help out the children in your community,” Nash said. He was wearing below-the-knee shorts, a gray shirt and, as he had in Washington Market Park, black laceless sneakers. “I think so highly of Yao as a person and a player that I asked if he’d be willing to host some of us to come over here and give back. I want to thank the guys for making the long trip.”

The proceeds would go to build schools and help impoverished girls in the Xinjiang Kezilesu Keerkzi Autonomous Region, a vast and sparsely settled area in Western China, which most people would be hard-pressed to find on a map, much less pronounce. This was Nash’s first trip to China, and it wasn’t unreasonable to wonder whether his interest in charity work thousands of miles from home in an alien culture where he doesn’t understand the language was really a heartfelt reflection of altruistic values. Pieties about the importance of Giving Back are so routinely coughed up you’d think that if N.B.A. stars didn’t have such wicked cross-over dribbles or a faculty for tomahawk dunks they’d all be following in the footsteps of Albert Schweitzer. The benefits that redound in P.R. brownie points and I.R.S. income-tax offsets are seldom mentioned.

But Nash often speaks of his interest in “the global village” and doing what he can wherever he can. The Steve Nash Foundation has focused on programs that help “under-served” children and promote worthwhile social and environmental causes, like low-impact development and eco-friendly construction. (The rugs in Nash’s new sports club in Vancouver are made of recycled athletic shoelaces.) His foundation has also set up safe drinking water projects in Nicaragua and Guatemala and recently underwrote a hospital ward for neonates in Paraguay, where Nash’s wife is from.

Most of the rooks and younger players on the trip were just curious to see a patch of China for the first time; some of the more established stars were eager to enhance their brand visibility in the largest basketball market outside the United States. One third of all hits to the N.B.A. Web site come from Chinese Internet users, and in recent years the N.B.A. has made a concerted effort to capitalize on what is already China’s multibillion-dollar love affair with basketball, going so far as to publish a partial list of N.B.A. players’ Chinese nicknames. (Nash is not on it, for some reason, perhaps because the Chinese haven’t solved the conundrum of his mysterious Canadian reticence, either. But Carmelo Anthony is known as Sweet Melon, and in what is clearly the most telling evidence of Chinese basketball acumen, Tim Duncan, nemesis of Nash and his fellow Suns, is known as Stone Buddha.)

Nash was as happy to have the good publicity as the next multi-millionaire, but the trip was clearly part of a course in continuing education. He studied sociology at Santa Clara University, where he did enough to get by. “I basically majored in basketball,” he told me. He reads during the season when the team is on the road with time to fill, and he is eager to travel abroad during the off-season, pressed, it often seems, by a deep curiosity and thirst for knowledge that the strictures of his N.B.A. dream didn’t give him the luxury of indulging as a younger man. Of course it was a two-edged sword. The celebrity that made it possible to come to China also brought the unscholarly and flow-impeding distraction of having to stop every 10 seconds to pose for pictures or sign an autograph.

The microphone was passed to all the players, including the rooks. Suddenly flashbulbs went off in the back of the room and a hubbub broke out. Yao Ming, the colossus of Chinese basketball, had unexpectedly arrived. He thundered in wearing a white polo shirt as long as a crib sheet. Photographers herded Nash and Yao together, Nash, 6-foot-3, Yao, 7-foot-6. Side by side they looked like a comparative bar graph of Chinese and Canadian economic growth rates.

Now, a day later, fully provisioned with umbrellas, the Nashionals’ bus pulled into the traffic of Beijing’s Dongcheng district and headed west toward the Forbidden City. Arriving at the Divine Military Genius Gate, the players filed out into the toxic drizzle, and into the vast palace complex that is the heart of Chinese civilization. Nash stepped out of the flow of tourists at one point and stood under an umbrella by a parapet to make a phone call. When he turned around he was ringed by a semicircle of Chinese sightseers, more interested in him than the gargoyles on the Hall of Supreme Harmony. It was to be a recurring theme, the players constantly assembling for pictures with strangers and with one another, the last of the morning a semi-comical group portrait at the Gate of Heavenly Peace, where a giant picture of Mao looked out over Tiananmen Square.

“I’m gonna do that,” Baron Davis said. “Buy me some property way out in the middle of nowhere and put up a big-ass picture of myself!”

That night there was a black-tie auction and banquet for six or seven hundred people. When the bus pulled up at the Diaoyutai State Guest House, where Richard Nixon had stayed and met with Premier Chou En-lai on his landmark trip to China in 1972, the Chinese team was milling around the entrance.

“They’re probably thinking, ‘Goddamn Nash,’ ” said Nash, who was wearing a gray suit and black shoes. “ ‘If it wasn’t for him, we wouldn’t have to be standing here doing this stupid stuff.’ ”

It was a long night, especially for Nash. The suit. The play-by-play of gala stage business in Mandarin. The banquet board of bloodless beef, which, later, on the way back to the hotel, Baron Davis speculated may have been a flank of Snoopy or one of Michael Vick’s pit bulls. (“You bite into that meat you gonna be barking! You gonna grow paws!”) The jet lag seemed to be catching up with Nash. Arms clasped behind his back, he stood gamely on the stage while the crowd bid in a strangely prolonged and desultory fashion on a basketball holiday from China to Houston and passes to the opening of the 2008 Olympics in Beijing. Somebody bid $60,000 for a special one-off edition of a Yao & Nash-embossed Platinum Visa card.

“Although it is a beautiful card,” Nash said, “they don’t get to spend our bank accounts.”

Nash was bearing up as if he were the true Stone Buddha. He listened earnestly to a musical performance by the Moon, the Sun and the Star, a Mongolian family trio famous for having had the No. 1 ringtone in China for six months. Given how the sheer volume of people in China made everyone seem sort of faceless, I wondered if Nash’s fortitude, his willingness to stop again and again and again to pose and scribble his name and stretch out his hand, was in some way a measure of his ability to particularize an abstraction — that is, to know that everything he was doing to improve the lives of girls in that all-but-Platonic realm known as the Xinjiang Kezilesu Keerkzi Autonomous Region would give a real and particular child a real and particular book that would sweeten her day, or awaken an idea that would make a difference in her life. Whoever she was. . . .

Near midnight Nash climbed wearily aboard the bus and stood in the aisle.

“I know it was a long night, guys,” he said. “And the food was rough. But we raised almost a million dollars tonight. So thanks to all of you.”

At the Nashionals practice on Friday morning before the game with the Chinese team, Nash and Leandro Barbosa were locked into a fierce

H-O-R-S-E battle. It was a test of wits as much as skill. Making a key shot, Nash pumped his fist, as if victory in H-O-R-S-E meant as much as an N.B.A. championship. After the game, Barbosa unleashed a slam dunk. Nash gave it a college try, but the ball clanged off the iron. Nash’s college coach, Dick Davey, had told me he thought he could remember Nash dunking a few times in college, “but only on a really springy floor.”

I asked afterward who won the H-O-R-S-E games.

“We kinda split them,” Nash said.

“I won two,” Barbosa said. “The third one we tied.”

When the practice was over and the players were waiting to get on the bus, Yao, who had been practicing with the Nashionals, walked out and crammed himself into the passenger seat of an Audi A-8 sedan with tinted windows. People stared at the car in disbelief. The window came down and there was Yao, head sideways, cervical vertebrae pressed against the roof. He looked like a coal miner in a cave-in.

“It’s not my car,” Yao said.

The Flow He Knows

The venue for the Yao & Nash Charity Game was an arena in the west of the city called Capital Steel Plant Basketball Center, which looked to seat around 6,000 people.

“Why am I so tired?” Nash asked as the bus pulled into the traffic outside the hotel around 5:30 p.m. and immediately lost momentum.

“It’s, like, 4 a.m. in the morning in Phoenix,” said Aaron Nelson, the Suns’ trainer.

“It’d be O.K. if you made a few early turnovers so I have to bench you,” said Bill Duffy, a former player himself who was going to coach the Nashionals.

Nash lay down on the backseat and closed his eyes.

Even with the help of a police escort, we reached the arena a scant 15 minutes before the scheduled 7:30 start of the game. Throngs of people from China’s seemingly limitless supply of N.B.A. fans were massed outside around the gate and hanging out of the windows of temporary workers’ housing. The game was a sell-out, but apparently safety regulations required a certain number of empty seats.

In the visitors’ locker room, Nash began to get himself into the flow. He nipped at a basketball with his feet, and before long was booting it back and forth with Barbosa, over a table of bananas and Snickers bars and off the metal ceiling — bang! It was as if Nash and his brother Martin were kids playing hall hockey and seeing what they could get away with before they broke a lamp or drove Mom buggy. Bang! Nash had told me he always liked to be playing a game within the game, if only to keep alive that spark of whimsy and invention that seemed almost subversively opposed to the business of the pro game.

“When you go in, run around the whole arena,” said Duffy.

“Move the needle,” cried Bill Sanders, an agent with Duffy’s company.

“Remember, guys,” said Baron Davis, “this is just a charity game.”

After the film star Jackie Chan tossed the opening jump ball, the Chinese team raced out to the lead. The 6-foot-9 point guard Sun Yue, who had been drafted by the Lakers, was dunking at will when not deigning to can 3’s from downtown. Of course the Chinese hadn’t flown halfway around the world, or been out till 5 a.m. singing karaoke, or fretting about the provenance of the banquet beef. Nash threw a dilly of a one-handed bounce pass down the lane to a cutting Carmelo Anthony, but Sweet Melon’s shot was blocked by Yi Jianlian, the 6-foot-11 first-round draft choice who would be playing for the Milwaukee Bucks in the fall. Every time Yao made a basket, or even touched the ball, 6,000 of his countrymen broke into song, singing a little rising-falling ditty: “Yao Ming! Yao Ming!” Yao snared a rebound and held the ball out of reach like a father holding a piñata at a birthday party of leaping 3-year-olds. And at the end of the first quarter, the Chinese team led by 17 points.

But then the Nashionals began to get into the flow. Barbosa the Brazilian Blur got hot from 3-point land. Baron “Remember It’s Just a Charity Game” Davis went diving into the stands. Nash drove coast-to-coast and hit one of his acrobatic left-handed layups over Yao, and by the half the Chinese lead had shrunk to 42-37.

Nash’s one-handed bounce pass reminded me of a story I’d heard from Dick Davey, the Santa Clara coach, who had been the only man in college basketball interested in recruiting the future two-time M.V.P. They were having lunch a couple of years ago, and the coach had a bone to pick with his former protégé.

“I said to him, ‘Dammit, Steve, you penetrate the paint and you kick the ball out with one hand, you gotta do it with two hands.’ And he said, ‘If I do it with one hand, it’s about three-tenths of a second faster, and my teammate is going to have a better look at the basket.’ Do you want to know how smart he is? If he had a guy on the right wing in transition who he knew couldn’t shoot the ball, he’d throw a pass that was just good enough to include the guy in the fast break, but just bad enough that the guy wasn’t in a position to get off a shot and would have to pass the ball back.”

At the start of the third quarter, in front of a CCTV audience estimated at 250 million, Nash stripped off his shorts. He posed a moment in his black compression underwear, as if ready for another GQ shoot, and then climbed into a pair of red shorts, thus defecting to the Chinese team. Perhaps he felt it was the most charitable thing he could do, not just for the girls of the Xinjiang Kezilesu Keerkzi Autonomous Region but for all of China. But, alas, all the tension went out of the game. Flow without meaning. By the end, a bunch of players had changed sides, and after a flurry of empty whoop-de-do dunks, the final score of 101-92 in favor of the home team was hardly worth remembering.

Back in street clothes but still drenched in sweat, Yao ducked into the visitors’ locker room. “Thank you for doing this for the Chinese people,” he said. The Nashionals spontaneously broke into the signature singsong chant: “Yao Ming! Yao Ming!”

Nash had gotten the numbers. “We raised $2.5 million,” he told the players. “That money will build 70 schools. That’s 35,000 kids who’ll be able to go to school. So to all of you guys, thanks a lot.”

Sweet Melon emerged from the shower with a towel around his waist and said: “I know about five or six schools in Baltimore that need help, y’all.”

A Basket With His Arms

I stopped off in Phoenix on my way back from China and spent a few days watching Nash and his Suns teammates scrimmage on the practice court in the US Airways Center. The scrimmages were unofficial, as training camp wouldn’t start for a couple of weeks, but there was no shortage of intensity. Among the players running with Nash were Suns regulars Barbosa, Amare Stoudemire and Marcus Banks, along with their new teammate Grant Hill. There were some good players from Europe trying to catch on. They kept the flow going with a 24-second clock and got into arguments about the score and whether on one possession one team had been unfairly denied an extra four seconds. During breaks when players flopped down onto benches and threw back cups of water, often the only person on the court, practicing shots, was Nash.

Three years ago, newly repatriated to Phoenix, which had traded him to the Dallas Mavericks in 1998, Nash’s back went out during practice, the result of a congenital displacement of his fifth lumbar vertebra. To relieve the muscle tightness, he now will often lie on the court during rests and timeouts. And though Nash may be getting better and better as a player, his body doesn’t recover from exertion as fast. Nash’s preferred method of treating his sore muscles and swollen joints is to lever himself into a 53-degree ice bath, wearing thermal socks to keep the frostbite out of his toes.

“I can’t even pull a beer out of water that cold,” says the Suns’ assistant coach Alvin Gentry.

Over the summer Nash opted not to take a spot on the Canadian Olympic basketball team, wanting to rest and conserve his energy for the upcoming run at the championship he covets. He has two years left on his contract with the Phoenix Suns; barring a catastrophic injury, he could certainly get another deal if he desired. (The Hall of Fame point guard John Stockton, with whom Nash is often compared, played until he was 41.) How long he plays in the N.B.A. seems as much a matter of a willing mind as an able body.

“I’ve always said when Steve retires, I’ll retire,” Coach Mike D’Antoni said. We were sitting in a little gallery off the practice court watching the scrimmage. “I don’t want anyone to be able to figure out whether our success is because of my system or Steve’s ability to make it work. There’s a period in a player’s life where the novelty wears off. You’ve got kids and money, and sometimes your basketball flame begins to flicker. And then a few years later, you realize you’ve got a limited amount of time and this is the best it’s ever gonna be. I think Steve is one of those guys who has always lived for the game. You can have all the money in the world, but for the great players the only thing that matters is winning a title.”

When Nash was done with the scrimmage and some work in the weight room, we headed over to Kincaid’s near the US Airways arena to get some lunch. He ordered a couple of salads.

“There are nights when I ask myself, ‘Am I really playing basketball?’ ” Nash said. “But that’s mostly from the stuff around the game: talking to the media, taking the bus, getting warmed up. Once I’m out on the court, in the game, the game is great.”

I asked what drove him, beyond the obvious goal of a championship.

“I don’t know,” he said. “I have a lot of energy and a lot of motivation. I have a hard time sitting still. I guess in a way I can’t live with the alternative to being driven, which is sitting around being bored. If I’m going to go for something, I’m really going to go for it. I think I realized as a kid that I would keep going when other kids stopped. If my legs are there, if my quickness is there, I can have a good game. If not, I try to find other ways of making plays without being quick. Making smart plays. Making the game simple.”

Like he had the last day in China, when the Nashionals were literally mobbed at a fitness-club opening with Yao Ming and Jackie Chan. When they were all safely back on the bus, waiting to be shuttled to the airport for the long flight home, the die-hards in the crowd milled around on the sidewalk, taking pictures and waving at players behind the windows. All except one kid, who was about 12 or 13 years old. He wore glasses. He wasn’t tall. He was draped in a purple-and-white Steve Nash Phoenix Suns jersey, No. 13. He stood outside Nash’s window and pantomimed jump shot after jump shot, like he was Steve Nash. He had Nash’s form down pat — the slight gathering before the jump, the leap straight up, elbows squared, the impeccable wrist-break that left the hand lingering a moment high overhead like it was pleased with itself. Even the way Nash sometimes crimped his lips when he shot. “Look at this dude, he’s wiggin’ out,” one of the players said. Everyone in the bus was falling apart laughing. Again and again, as dogged as a gym rat with a dream, No. 13 launched an imaginary ball. Nash for three from the sidewalk! Nash from half court! Nash from downtown Beijing! And then he untied one of his sneakers and began to fire off shots with it, hopping on one foot, form still constant. Nash went to the window and made a basket with his arms.

“Right here, dude!” he said through the glass.

But the kid just slung the sneaker straight up in the air.

“No, right here,” Nash said again, tapping the pane, and again he made a basket with his arms. The kid saw what Nash wanted; he jumped and sent his sneaker arcing toward the hoop. If there hadn’t been glass in the way, it would have gone in.

“Yeah! Atta boy!” said Nash, and when the bus pulled out, he blew the kid a kiss.

Chip Brown is the author of “Good Morning Midnight” and “Afterwards, You’re a Genius.” His last article for Play was on skiing in the Italian Alps.


2007年10月24日星期三

China's green energy gap

The wind-energy industry, which requires a lot of land, has been troubled by years-long shortages of parts, as well as contradictory regulatory policies. (Stuart Isett for The New York Times)

By next autumn, a muddy construction site here in a rural part of eastern China will give way to a small power plant that burns corn stalks and cotton stalks to generate electricity for nearby villages and steam for a neighboring industrial complex.

The plant would be ready sooner, but only four companies in China make the specialized precision boilers that the biomass plant requires. And all those companies are plagued by backed-up orders and delivery delays. Similar problems bedevil the wind turbine industry in China.

The same big utility company building the green plant in Boxing, CLP, has just opened a coal-fired plant in southernmost China. On schedule and built for half what it would cost in the West, that plant will generate 1,200 megawatts of electricity — compared with 6 megawatts from the Boxing biomass plant. CLP is so impressed that it is bidding to build coal-fired plants in India with Chinese technology.

These are the realities faced by companies seeking to make themselves more environmentally friendly in China, where coal is king. Coal-fired plants are quick and cheap to build and easy to run. While the Chinese government has set goals for increasing the use of a long list of alternative energies — including wind, biomass, hydroelectric, solar and nuclear — they all face obstacles, from bureaucracy to bottlenecks in manufacturing. CLP's differing energy choices are a case study in how one company grapples with the need to provide electricity to hundreds of millions of impoverished Asians even as it is under a self-imposed goal of trying to limit emissions of global warming gases.

Controlled by the Kadoorie family — one of Hong Kong's wealthiest, with a long history of supporting environmental causes — CLP's board began considering a plan to limit greenhouse gas emissions on Tuesday.

While the details are still being worked out, the company plans to commit itself to "material and dramatic reductions" in such emissions in industrialized countries like Australia, while seeking to control growth in emissions in developing countries, like China, said Andrew Brandler, CLP's chief executive.

"We think the world has to address the issue of climate change as a matter of urgency," Brandler said.

Yet CLP's operations are growing so quickly in China, India and other developing countries in response to soaring electricity demand that Brandler said the company's total emissions of global warming gases may actually increase in the short term.

The problem is particularly acute because governments across Asia, from China and India to Indonesia and the Philippines, are turning mainly to coal to meet their soaring electricity needs and prevent blackouts, even though coal produces more global warming gases than any other major source of electricity.

China's increase has been the most substantial. The country built 114,000 megawatts of fossil-fuel-based generating capacity last year alone, almost all coal-fired, and is on course to complete 95,000 megawatts more this year.

For comparison, Britain has 75,000 megawatts in operation, built over a span of decades.

The most talked-about alternative to coal in China involves plans to quadruple the country's share of power from nuclear energy by 2020. But the plan, which contemplates dozens of reactors, still amounts to just 31,000 megawatts of nuclear power over the next dozen years.

"That's minuscule," said Jonathan Sinton, a China expert at the International Energy Agency. China builds more coal-fired capacity than that every four months.

Two big questions linger over even those modest goals: can equipment be manufactured for dozens of nuclear reactors, and can China train enough workers to run them?

At CLP's Daya Bay nuclear plant in Shenzhen, a house-sized dome of specially hardened steel sat next to an immense crane one recent morning, waiting to be swung and bolted into position as part of the site's sixth reactor.

But at least Daya Bay's dome is here — reactors elsewhere in China wait up to several years. Only a handful of steel mills around the world can cast the thick domes, and only now are the first two mills in China taking delivery of equipment to make them.

The plant's 1,750 employees, meanwhile, are training 500 interns at a time, according to Stephen Lau, the first deputy general manager of the plant; the government-owned nuclear power company asked that 1,000 be trained at a time, but the joint venture running the plant could not handle that many।

By contrast, there is no shortage of workers to run coal-fired power plants. China is dotted with decrepit state-owned coal-fired plants that each employ 900 to 1,000 people to produce just 50 to 100 megawatts. The government frequently asks companies to close one of these inefficient, heavily polluting operations and provide jobs or money to the workers before allowing the construction of a new coal-fired plant.

CLP's modern coal-burning plant in Fangchenggang in southernmost China — a pair of 260-foot gray towers looming over a tropical landscape of woods and emerald rice fields dotted by gray oxen — employs just 270 workers to generate 1,200 megawatts.

Before the Fangchenggang plant could be built, the local government had to buy the land from residents of a nearby fishing village, setting off discussions about whose land should be sacrificed, said Zhang Zhengde, a village elder.

"We would prefer to have a smaller site — if there were more land, it would disrupt our lives, and government compensation cannot solve that," he said.

But coal's problems are nothing compared with the challenges facing the wind-energy industry, which requires much more land and is troubled by years-long shortages of a wider range of parts, as well as contradictory regulatory policies. For instance, Beijing has mandated that power transmission companies pay at least 6.5 cents per kilowatt hour to buy wind-generated electricity from approved power producers, not much above the 4.5 cents an hour they pay for coal-generated power. But the premium is so small that only one-third of 1 percent of the nationally regulated wind power projects approved in 2004 have actually been built, and none of those approved in the last two years, said Vivek Kher, a spokesman for Suzlon Energy, an Indian manufacturer of wind turbines.

Some provincial governments have ordered payments of 8.1 cents for wind projects they regulate, he said, and these projects are being built.

Plans have slowed to expand the use of natural gas, which burns more cleanly and produces less greenhouse gas than coal or oil. It has proved costly and difficult to build pipelines from gas fields in western China, while liquefied natural gas for transport in ships is in short supply.

The future of hydroelectric power in China is clouded by severe environmental problems at the Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River.

One of the strangest features of China's energy policy is the paucity of environmental controls on coal-fired plants, because rules governing them were written long ago. Renewable energy projects actually face a more stringent review of their environmental impact.

China has begun telling companies that build coal-fired plants that they should choose so-called supercritical technology. Such technology increases construction costs, but the plant then requires 10 percent less coal to run, reducing emissions and long-term costs.

CLP's new coal-fired plant at Fangchenggang, near the Vietnamese border, uses supercritical technology. But it still produces considerably more global warming gases than burning natural gas, using nuclear power or turning to renewable energy sources like biomass.

Now CLP wants an international consensus on a broad successor to the Kyoto Protocol, which set some limits on greenhouse gas emissions through 2012. Clear limits on future emissions would force utilities to avoid projects that contribute to global warming, and, unlike Kyoto, might extend to more of Asia. Kyoto exempts developing countries like China and India from emissions limits.

One reason CLP seeks a new consensus is the bruising lesson it recently received. The company had proposed building a coal-fired plant in the Philippines employing supercritical technology and burning very low-sulfur coal, a more expensive but less polluting variety of coal.

In the end, though, the developer found an American private equity firm that was willing to bankroll a low-tech subcritical plant using a variety of coal that pollutes more, said Brandler, declining to identify the project or the participants. (Greenpeace officials said that they were also not aware of which project it might be among many in the Philippines.)

"You've got to get the rest of the industry to come along," Brandler said. "That's why we will be agitating more."


2007年10月22日星期一

Chinese Firm To Buy Big Stake In Bear Stearns

NEW YORK, Oct. 22 -- China's Citic Securities would acquire up to a 9.9 percent stake in Bear Stearns under a joint venture that marks the first time an entity controlled by the Beijing government has obtained a significant stake in a major Wall Street investment bank.

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2007年10月18日星期四

Dell Learns to Listen

The computer maker takes to the blogosphere to repair its tarnished image.

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2007年10月16日星期二

Gawker and the Rage of the Creative Underclass -- New York Magazine

Finally.

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J.K. Rowling brings magic touch to U.S. - Los Angeles Times

The Harry Potter author makes a rare stateside visit before 1,600 students at the Kodak Theatre.

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Why Bush risks China's ire to honor Dalai Lama | csmonitor.com

The president doesn't want to appear to be appeasing China, experts say.

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2007年10月10日星期三

Miller, Coors, To Shake UP U.S. Beer Market

Miller, Coors To Shake Up U.S. Beer Market
The WSJ story wrote about the on-going merger of two beer giants Miller and Coors. The move will allow the two companies to cut cost to counter back Anheuser's pricing competition and better prepare the two companies for the rising cost of raw materials. But a shift in consumer tastes, as the story pointed out in the led, poses great challenge to the beer industry, propelling an increased consolidation cases in the future. The story ends with some of the potential merger of beer makers, whihc better illustrate the trend.

The story also mentioned the emerging market including China, will save those beer companies from a sluggish sales in the developped market. A storm of consolidation in the emerging market dominated by purchase by the international giants is expected in the near future.

The writer did a good job in analyzing the edge and drawbacks of the merger and use many quotoes in the story to back his point. The reaction from
Anheuser toward the transaction with details appeared in the first several paras, makes the story balanced.

Although the story concerns about many different companies, the writer use a very good structure to make the story more smoothly.


By DAVID KESMODEL and DEBORAH BALL
October 10, 2007; Page A1

The U.S. beer business, battered by a shift in consumer tastes, faces a further shake-up with plans by SABMiller PLC and Molson Coors Brewing Co. to merge their U.S. operations.

With top sellers including Miller Lite and Coors Light, the two are taking aim at long-dominant Anheuser-Busch Cos. They would have about $6.6 billion in annual revenue and a roughly 30% market share in the U.S., second to Anheuser's 48%.

North America's largest brewers are struggling as consumers reach for small-batch "craft" beers, imported brews, wine and spirits. The number of barrels of beer sold in the U.S. is expected to grow only 1.5% this year, according to the Beer Institute, an industry group.

That has set off a merger rush to cut costs. SABMiller and Molson Coors, themselves products of recent mergers, said their tie-up in the U.S. will yield about $500 million in annual cost savings by the third year. The prospect helped drive up Molson Coors shares more than 10% on the New York Stock Exchange, while SABMiller was up 1.4% in London.

"This transaction is driven by the profound changes in the U.S. alcohol-beverage industry," said Pete Coors, who is vice chairman of Molson Coors and will be chairman of the new venture.

The deal, which is likely to face antitrust scrutiny, could increase pressure on Anheuser to pursue a merger outside the U.S., where it has a relatively small presence and where greater opportunities for growth lie. World-wide, Anheuser is the No. 3 beer maker by volume and market capitalization after InBev SA and SABMiller. An Anheuser spokeswoman declined to comment.

In a message to employees, Anheuser Chief Executive August A. Busch IV said the brewer must capitalize on the "significant transition confusion" that he predicted will occur when Miller and Molson Coors blend their U.S. operations. There will "likely be great concern within the SABMiller/Coors field sales and wholesaler organizations as people attempt to determine if they will have a role in this new structure," he said.
WSJ's Dennis Berman discusses the plan by Molson Coor and SABMiller to combine their U.S. operations and what it could mean for U.S. beer leader Anheuser-Busch Cos.

Mr. Busch said Anheuser employees "must not lose sight of the fact" that the new venture is "an attempt by these companies to better compete against us." Anheuser shares were down 0.9%.

From its roots in South Africa, the former SAB PLC has grown rapidly over the past decade by expanding into fast-growing economies such as China, Eastern Europe and Latin America. SAB acquired Miller Brewing Co. in 2002, but the U.S. business remained a weak link as the combined company struggled to combat Anheuser's power in marketing and distribution.

Under the agreement, SABMiller will have a 58% economic interest in the joint venture. Molson Coors will have 42%. They will have equal voting interests, and each company will have five representatives on the venture's board. Leo Kiely, chief executive of Molson Coors, is set to become CEO of the joint venture, with Tom Long, CEO of Miller Brewing, becoming president and chief commercial officer. The deal, subject to shareholder approval, is expected to close next year.

SABMiller and Molson Coors discussed a deal on and off for about a year, executives at both brewers said yesterday. The venture "creates a much more robust business, which has the ability...to be much more competitive no matter what the future may throw at us," said Graham Mackay, chief executive of SABMiller, in an interview.

Critical to the alliance, Mr. Mackay said, will be the opportunity for U.S. beer distributors to become "one-stop shops." He said distributors could save time and money by dealing with one company instead of two. About 60% of Miller's volume is distributed by wholesalers also selling Molson Coors brands. U.S. federal law dating to the repeal of Prohibition generally requires beer to be sold through wholesalers.

"I think we'll sell more and our costs will go down, so we should benefit," said Phillip Terry, chief executive of Monarch Beverage Co., a big distributor in Indiana selling 15 million cases of beer annually, including both Miller and Molson Coors products. He said he hopes the merger savings will be "translated into additional market spending, more promotions around the brands."

Anheuser remains a powerhouse in the U.S. beer market, where its top-selling brand is Bud Light. Its U.S. operating profit margin is about 23.6%, compared with margins of less than 10% for both Miller and Molson Coors, according to Mark Swartzberg, an analyst with Stifel Nicolaus in New York.

For years, the nation's beer giants thrived by peddling beers that are relatively light in taste and don't offend Americans' diverse palates. That era has faded. Just as vitamin-infused waters and gourmet coffees have caught fire, more beer drinkers are choosing brews with distinct tastes.

These beers are typically sold by independent local beer makers, although the big names are getting into the act. While craft beers are still a small slice of total revenue -- about 5% of the U.S. market -- they're the fastest-growing segment. Sales of craft beer rose 11% by volume in the first half of this year against year-earlier levels, according to the Brewers Association, a craft-beer trade group in Boulder, Colo. Molson Coors's hottest brand in the U.S. is Blue Moon, a Belgian-style wheat beer.

One potential drawback of combining Miller and Coors under one roof is cannibalization. Both Miller Lite and Coors Light are in the premium light-lager category. While executives for the companies argued yesterday that the brands have different attributes and complement each other, it's unclear whether beer drinkers will recognize the distinctions.

Mr. Mackay said the geographic strengths of the two companies are complementary. Miller is strong in the Midwest, with the leading market share in Chicago, while Coors has a big footprint in the West.

Molson Coors was formed by the 2005 merger of Colorado's Adolph Coors Co. and Canada's Molson Inc., both family-controlled companies. A person familiar with the deal said the Molson and Coors families didn't want to sell their entire company to SABMiller or another buyer. The joint venture allows them to keep some control. Molson Coors, with dual headquarters in Montreal and Denver, has major operations in Canada and Britain that will remain independent of SABMiller.
[Beer]

The companies said the projected $500 million in annual cost savings would come from streamlining production, reducing shipping distances and consolidating corporate staff. The companies haven't decided where the headquarters of the new venture will be. There could be job losses among corporate staff in Denver or Milwaukee, where Miller is based.

The deal could make it easier for the companies to raise prices as they wrestle with higher costs for aluminum, grains and other commodities. It could make them less vulnerable to pricing decisions by Anheuser. Several years ago, price cuts by Anheuser damped profits for its chief competitors.

The deal is likely to get a close look by the Justice Department because it combines the second- and third-largest U.S. brewers. But antitrust lawyers said it appeared unlikely to draw a challenge, given vigorous industry competition and the dominance of market leader Anheuser. The Bush administration has shown reluctance to block mergers.

Analysts speculated about what mergers might be left in the rapidly consolidating beer business. Rob Mann, an analyst with Collins Stewart in London, said Anheuser might be interested in Scottish & Newcastle, an Edinburgh-based brewer that is strong in the U.K., France and Russia. "We are approaching the final round of consolidation," Mr. Mann said. "Most markets have been consolidated at a local level by now."

With the exception of stakes in China, India and Mexico, Anheuser has largely stuck to the U.S. Some analysts think Anheuser may ultimately merge with InBev, based in Belgium. Anheuser imports InBev's European brands, including Stella Artois and Beck's, into the U.S. under a partnership begun this year. A spokeswoman for InBev declined to comment.

Another possible beer acquirer is Diageo PLC, one of the only companies to have significant shares in beer, spirits and wine. Its beer business largely consists of Guinness. Diageo Chief Executive Paul Walsh has said he's interested in a beer takeover, but deal prices are too high.

Spirits companies have raised the pressure on beer giants by rolling out sweet cocktails and other drinks to lure younger drinkers. Premixed bottled drinks such as Smirnoff Ice have seen sales triple in the last decade, according to Merrill Lynch.

SABMiller was advised on the deal by Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. and J.P. Morgan Cazenove Ltd. Molson Coors was advised by Orbin & Co., Deutsche Bank AG and Morgan Stanley.

2007年10月9日星期二

How Wal-Mart and the government are killing the incandescent light bulb

Wal-Mart's sales of compact fluorescent bulbs prove that energy-efficient goods don't have to be luxury items. And its success at selling them—the company last week announced it surpassed the 100 million bulb goal—is spurring manufacturers like General Electric to shut down incandescent-bulb factories.

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Stop your sobbing

Doomsayers like Al Gore and Jared Diamond aren't doing the environment much good. To save the earth, we need to stop blaming and start celebrating ourselves.

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Gladiator accents

A funny thing happened to Russell Crowe's accent on the way to the Colosseum.

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2007年10月8日星期一

Can science really save the world?

Can science really save the world?

Endless treaties to cut carbon emissions and halt global warming have failed to turn the tide of pollution. Now scientists want to intervene on a planetary scale, changing the very nature of our seas and skies. Ahead of a major report on 'geo-engineering' we reveal the six big ideas that could change the face of the Earth

Robin McKie and Juliette Jowit
Sunday October 7, 2007

Observer

They are the ultimate technological fixes: schemes that will span our planet and involve scientists in reshaping our world to save it from global warming. Yet only a few years ago, such projects - giant space mirrors, flotillas of artificial cloud makers and ocean fertilisation programmes - were dismissed as the stuff of science fiction.

Today many engineers and researchers - fearful of the rate at which our planet is warming - say geo-engineering projects are now mankind's only hope of saving itself from the impact of climate change. A major report and a new exhibition at the Science Museum starting next week will resurrect the debate.

Despite 10 years of international negotiations aimed at reducing carbon dioxide levels by between 60-80 per cent, global emissions are still rising. The only hope, say geo-engineers, is to change the planet, alter its oceans and reshape its cloud cover.

It is a point highlighted by Brian Launder, professor of mechanical engineering at Manchester University, who was once 'neutral' about these great geo-engineering projects but who has come to believethat current attempts to reduce CO2 emissions are doomed to failure.

'As time has gone on I have become increasingly concerned about the lack of progress on climate change and [although] they once seemed a last resort, I have to say we're going to need to do this.'

Launder is now editing a forthcoming issue of the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society which will be devoted to the subject of geo-engineering schemes. 'We're moving, but I think we need to go a lot further.'

An exhibition - Can Algae Save The World? - opening at the Science Museum will also focus on hi-tech projects aimed at saving the planet.

The latest assessment report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, published earlier this year, considered three major techniques to reduce sunlight reaching the Earth: orbiting mirrors, sulphur particle schemes and projects for enhancing cloud cover.

The ideas 'could have beneficial consequences' by increasing agricultural productivity and forestry, the panel concluded. Carbon dioxide would be left in the atmosphere, stimulating plant growth, while reductions in sunlight would stop temperatures from rising even as CO2 levels continued to increase.

'Geo-engineering is one of the types of thing that are worth investigating,' says Ken Caldeira, of the Carnegie Institution of Washington. 'If we can generate 100 ideas, and 97 are bad and we land up with three good ones, then the whole thing will have been worthwhile.'

Opponents to such schemes point out that it is technology that got mankind in its current fix. An even bigger dose of technology is therefore the last thing the planet needs. Schemes for fertilising the oceans with iron compounds pose immense risks to marine life, for example. Geo-engineers defend their schemes by pointing out that emissions of greenhouse gases are already bringing huge changes to natural ecosystems.

It is a point stressed by the distinguished ecologist James Lovelock: there are dangers in intervening but the risks posed by doing nothing are worse. 'There may be all sorts of ecological consequences,' he said. 'But then the stakes are terribly high.'

Ocean pumps

Two of Britain's leading environmental thinkers, Chris Rapley, head of the Science Museum, and James Lovelock, creator of the Gaia concept, suggest vertical pipes could pump deep cold water to the sea surface. Cold ocean water is considered to be more 'productive' than warmer water because it contains more lifeforms. And these lifeforms are vital for absorbing CO2.

Using special valves, cold water would be made to flow up floating pipes and out on to the ocean surface, bringing increased numbers of lifeforms into contact with the atmosphere and its carbon dioxide. These lifeforms would absorb CO2, die and then sink to the ocean floor, storing the carbon away for millennia.

Marine biologists point out that the scheme could pose major problems for sea life, in particular for creatures such as whales and porpoises.

Chance of success: 3/5 Impact on marine life could count against the scheme.

Sulphur blanket

During major volcanic eruptions, the Earth often undergoes significant cooling. For example, when Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines erupted in 1991 the average temperature across the Earth decreased by 0.6C. Scientists pointed the finger of blame at the 10 million tonnes of sulphur that the volcano ejected into the stratosphere. So why not copy Pinatubo? That is the suggestion of Professor Paul Crutzen who won a Nobel prize in 1995 for his work on the ozone layer.

He has proposed creating a 'blanket' of sulphur that would block the Sun's rays from reaching Earth; to do this, he envisages hundreds of rockets filled with sulphur being blasted into the stratosphere. About one million tonnes of sulphur would be enough to create his cooling blanket, he says.

The idea alarms other scientists, who fear such a massive input of sulphur into the upper atmosphere could increase acid rain or damage the ozone layer. Crutzen believes his idea may still be necessary if Earth continues to warm up at its current rate. 'I am prepared to lose some bit of ozone if we can prevent major increases of temperature, say beyond two degrees or three degrees,' he says.

Chance of success: 1/5 Risks of acid rain and ozone depletion will provoke opposition.

Mirrors

Radiation from the Sun heats our planet and sustains life here. But as Earth warms up, scientists want to cut that radiation and one of the most ambitious ideas involves firing giant mirrors into its orbit.

Physicist Lowell Wood, at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California, has put forward the idea of using a mesh of aluminium threads, a millionth of an inch in diameter. 'It would be like a window screen made of exceedingly fine metal wire,' he explains. The screen wouldn't completely block sunlight but would filter infra-red radiation.

However, such mirrors would be expensive to make and put into orbit. To produce a 1 per cent cut in solar radiation would require mirrors with surface areas of 600,000 square miles. But once in space such mirrors would be extremely cheap to operate.

'It's very hi-tech,' said John Shepherd, professor of marine science at the National Oceanographic Centre at Southampton University. 'Who knows whether they can really do it? And it's going to cost a lot of money to find out.'

Chance of success: 1/5 Incredibly expensive.

Cloud shield

John Latham, at the National Centre for Atmospheric Research in Colorado, and Stephen Salter, of Edinburgh University estimate that increasing cloud cover using a seawater spray 'seeding' process could increase cloud cover by 4 per cent - enough to counter a doubling of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere by shielding Earth from solar radiation.

Their plan is one of the cheaper ideas for countering rising carbon dioxide levels and is relatively low-tech, leading to hopes that, if computer simulations give good results, a field trial could start in five years.

Latham acknowledges there are dangers in changing weather patterns. 'We certainly shouldn't implement [it] in any global sense until we've done our best to examine what implications it might have,' he says.

'But if one felt that there are unlikely to be any implications that are more severe than the damage global warming is causing, then I think we'd begin.'

Chance of success: 2/5 Will need major global commitment to succeed.

Synthetic trees

Planting trees that absorb carbon dioxide has become a major eco-industry. But now scientists are proposing a surprise technological variant: synthetic trees. These trees would not grow or flower or leaf - but they would absorb carbon dioxide.

This startling concept is the brainchild of Klaus Lackner of Columbia University who first outlined his proposal at an annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He describes his synthetic trees as looking like 'goal posts with Venetian blinds'.

Lackner has calculated that one of his synthetic trees could remove about 90,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide in a year - the output of more than 15,000 cars and a thousandfold improvement on the natural behaviour of a real, living tree.

Lackner's concept is a variant of carbon sequestration technology which involves the seizing of carbon and storing it underground. Already schemes exist for removing carbon dioxide produced by burning coal, gas or oil at power plants before it reaches the atmosphere. Other projects are investigating ways to liquefy this carbon dioxide and store it in old mines or oilfields.

However, the process does not work for all polluters, in particular cars and lorries - hence Lackner's synthetic trees which would act like filters, removing carbon dioxide from that atmosphere. An absorbent coating, such as limewater, on slats would capture carbon dioxide so that it could be removed and then buried. However, critics say the scheme suffers from the fact that engineers could end up expending more energy in capturing carbon dioxide than they would save.

Chance of success: 4/5 Carbon sequestration is likely to play a major role in the world's battle against climate change, though perhaps not in the form of synthetic trees.

Forests of the seas

Blooms of plankton and algae are the grasslands and prairies of the oceans. They absorb carbon dioxide, die and then sink to the seabed carrying the carbon dioxide they absorbed during their lifetimes. Increase such blooms and you could take out more and more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, scientists argue - an idea that formed the core of a recent meeting of experts at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in the US.

The favoured method for stimulating plankton growth is to use iron fertilisers. It is known that tiny amounts of iron are critical in stimulating phytoplankton growth in seas. However, in many parts of the world iron in seawater is virtually non-existent and plankton levels correspondingly low.

Several groups of US entrepreneurs have begun experiments aimed at correcting this problem by pumping tonnes of soluble iron compounds into sea areas. Several trial schemes are now under way. But some critics warn that very little carbon dioxide would be removed from the atmosphere this way, while there is a danger such schemes could cause dangerous pollution.

Chance of success: 2/5 Method already in trials, but faces considerable opposition over potential damage to marine life.

Google draws fire over its special logos - Los Angeles Times

The Internet search engine honors Sputnik, but not the U.S. military on Memorial Day and Veterans Day

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2007年4月6日星期五

疑

疑


I ask my father, “What do you do all day?” “I remember.”
我可能明白我来这里的原因
那是一个悬挂在镜框上的问号
看到照片
就开始问自己
月亮照在
陌生的城市
没有悠悠的炊烟
让人回忆
许多人来了
更多人走了
脚印阻不住去路
花落解不开谜题
灯光下的影子都是纯洁的
没有色彩
所以没有欺骗
也没有掩饰
我不是在讲故事
也不是在寻求什么真理
只是敲着键盘
刻录自己
有些东西根本找不到
所以要拼命找寻
那些挣扎着的灵魂 和飞溅的火花
都不是目的


2007年3月11日星期日

双鱼座

把自己变成
一粒残缺的麦芽
岁月发酵成一滴酒
入你愁肠
默念窗前明月
然后啸成剑气
哀叹少年游


把自己化成
那原野上的枯草
然后把身体付与野火
然后把灰烬飘进砚台
融进离离原上
等待春风

或者
再远一些
象兰花 
在水一方
或者
再近一些
象莲叶 
接着江南

又或者
再安静一些
撒一个影子 
清泉石上
又或者
再喧闹一些
滴一滴血  
恨别惊心

可是 今夜
我还是我
守望着那个多愁善感的星座
都在这样的夜晚面对一样的灯影
把自己化进自己写的句子
唱人生几何